Auxiliary apparatus for experimental arrangements



A. LINDBERG 3,322,934

AUXILIARY APPARATUS FOR EXPERIMENTAL ARRANGEMENTS I May 30, 1967 Filed June 8, 1964 United States Patent The present invention relates generally. to the demonstration and experimetal art, and, more particularly, to an auxiliary device for experimental arrangements which can be used in a very versatile manner as a steam generator, calorimeter, radiation source, measuring and storing container, as well as for demonstrations and examinations of specific gravity.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a relatively simple auxiliary device for experiments which can be used for a great deal of diversified experiments in order to lessen the total apparatus which must be made available when various types of diversified experiments 7 are to be performed.

This object and others ancillary thereto are accomplished in accordance with preferred embodiments of the invention wherein a beaker-like container, preferably made of metal, is provided with a closure member sealed by a circumferential cord seal which is known per se. This closure member is provided with at least one sealable opening as well as with holding bars which are fastened to electrical connection sockets. At least one resistance heating element is spread or held between the ends of these holding bars. In a preferred embodiment the closure member is in the form of a cylinder at the zone of entry or mouth of the beaker-like container, is subsequently in the shape of a truncated cone and is a hollow body which is open on one side. At least one lead recess open on one side is provided in the region of the truncated cone portion. The arrangement may advantageously be constructed so that at the bottom of the closure element, a first opening is provided which can be sealed with a stopper and a second opening is also provided and arranged to be connected to a pipe line or hose.

Additional objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon consideration of the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a schematic sectional view taken through an auxiliary device made in accordance with the present invention. 1

FIGURE 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken generally along the plane defined by reference line 22 of FIGURE 1.

It should be noted that as one feature of the invention,

the beaker-like container is provided with a volume graduation or scale and a length graduation or scale, and these may be printed, engraved or embossed thereon.

As another feature three electrical connecting sockets are provided with holding bars, and two resistance heating elements are suspended betweenthese bars. Further connecting sockets as well as heating elements fastened to further holding bars may be disposed in the device for increasing the connection possibilities, for example, to provide parallel and series connections.

It is advantageous for suspending the beaker-like container to provide at least two fastening perforations at an upper bulge or bead of the rim and which perforations are positioned preferably parallel to the axis of the container. As a further feature of the invention the resistance elements are formed from a chromium-nickel alloy, the temperature coeflicient of which is more or less close to 3,322,934 Patented May 30, 1967 that of pure metals and increases with increasing temperature. These resistance heating elements are so dimensioned regarding their cross section, that they can be operated as immersible heating devices in liquids and as an incandescent luminous radiator or heating element in the ambient atmosphere.

Such an auxiliary device can be used for many and various experiments in physics. The beaker-like container having the twin scale divisions can be used for measuring buoyancy. With the closure element inserted, calorimetric experiments can be conducted. If the beaker-like container is filled with water and heated using the resistance heating elements, then steam can be derived and discharged by means of a hose pipe line, and the resistance elements Will not be destroyed even if the water evaporates completely. The closure element can also be used as a stationary radiating source, and the necessary leads may pass through the lead recesses open on one side. The resistance heating elements then operate in the manner of incandescent luminous radiators by being heated correspondingly. Such a universally usable auxiliary device is particularly suitable for the collections of educational materials necessary in schools.

With more particular reference to the drawings, FIG- URE 1 shows a beaker-like container 1 having a closure member 2 placed thereon. The closure member 2 includes a cylindrical portion 21 and a truncated conical portion 22 which joins the first portion, with the closure element being a hollow body open on one side. A first opening 24 is provided in the bottom portion 23 of the closure member and can be sealed with a stopper 3. Furthermore, a second opening 25 arranged to be connected to a hose line is also provided in the bottom 23. Electrical connecting sockets 4 are embedded in the bottom portion 23 and carry holding rods 5. Two helical resistance heating elements 6 are positioned between these holding rods 5.

- A circumferentially extending cord seal 7 is provided to form' a seal between the closure member 2 and the beaker-like container 1. In the area of the upper rim, lead recesses 26 are formed in the closure member 2 so that when using the closure member 2 as a support stand, passageway openings are provided for the leads which connect to the electrical connecting sockets 4. A length graduation 11 together with a volume graduation 12 is embossed on the outside of the beaker-like container 1, and the volume graduation indicates the volume displaced by the beaker-like container 1 when it is immersed in a liquid.

'The beaker-like container 1 is additionally provided with two fastening perforations 14 which extend parallel to the container axis, and these perforations are provided rangements particularly for use with a beaker-like container, comprising a beaker-like container having a volume graduation and a length graduation thereon, a closure element arranged to be placed into the beaker-like container and having a circumferential cord seal for sealing it in place, a scalable opening provided in said closure member, connecting sockets on said closure member, holding ro'ds fastened to the connecting sockets and at least one resistance heating element suspended between the ends of said holding rods, said closure member, in the region of insertion into the beaker-like container, being cylindrical, open on one side and having a bottom, and having adjoining to it a truncated cone-shaped body open on one side, at least one lead recess open on one side provided in 3 the region of the section in the shape of a truncated cone, said sealable opening being in the bottom of the closure member, a removable stopper removably disposed therein for sealing the opening, and a second opening in said bottom and adapted to be connected to a hose line.

2. A device as defined in claim 1 wherein said beakerlike container is provided with a rim having an upper bulge which includes two fastening perforations in said bulge.

3. A device as defined in claim 2 wherein said perforations are disposed parallel to the axis of said container.

4. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein there are three connecting sockets having said holding rods connected thereto, and there are two resistance heating elements suspended between said holding rods.

5. A device as defined in claim 4, wherein the heating elements are dimensioned in cross section and provided with such material that they can be operated as immersion heating devices in liquids and as incandescent luminous radiators in the ambient atmosphere.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 832,611 10/1906 Junkers 73-190 1,710,943 4/1929 Odell 219--335 X 1,858,409 5/1932 Mittelsteiner 73192 X 2,044,573 6/1936 Hornberger 219--331 X 2,164,282 6/1939 Morris 219316 2,418,254 4/1947 Fleharty 219331 X 2,747,071 5/1956 Schlumbohm 338-119 X 2,847,546 8/1958 Crowley et al 219275 2,847,547 8/1958 Gordon 219273 3,111,574 11/1963 Spini 219381 X RICHARD M. WOOD, Primary Examiner.

C. L. ALBRITTON, Assistant Examiner. 

1. AN AUXILIARY DEVICE FOR USE IN EXPERIMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS PARTICULARLY FOR USE WITH A BEAKER-LIKE CONTAINER, COMPRISING A BEAKER-LIKE CONTAINER HAVING A VOLUME GRADUATION AND A LENGTH GRADUATION THEREON, A CLOSURE ELEMENT ARRANGED TO BE PLACED INTO THE BEAKER-LIKE CONTAINER AND HAVING A CIRCUMFERENTIAL CORD SEAL FOR SEALING IT IN PLACE, A SEALABLE OPENING PROVIDED IN SAID CLOSURE MEMBER, CONNECTING SOCKETS ON SAID CLOSURE MEMBER, HOLDING RODS FASTENED TO THE CONNECTING SOCKETS AND AT LEAST ONE RESISTANCE HEATING ELEMENT SUSPENDED BETWEEN THE ENDS OF SAID HOLDING RODS, SAID CLOSURE MEMBER, IN THE REGION OF INSERTION INTO THE BEAKER-LIKE CONTAINER, BEING CYLINDRICAL, OPEN ON ONE SIDE AND HAVING A BOTTOM, AND HAVING ADJOINING TO IT A TRUNCATED CONE-SHAPED BODY OPEN ON ONE SIDE, AT LEAST ONE LEAD RECESS OPEN ON ONE SIDE PROVIDED IN THE REGION OF THE SECTION IN THE SHAPE OF A TRUNCATED CONE, SAID SEALABLE OPENING BEING IN THE BOTTOM OF THE CLOSURE MEMBER, A REMOVABLE STOPPER REMOVABLY DISPOSED THEREIN FOR SEALING THE OPENING, AND A SECOND OPENING IN SAID BOTTOM AND ADAPTED TO BE CONNECTED TO A HOSE LINE. 